First issue: .NET 8 is not installed
I ran into the same issues on Windows on ARM with Apple M2 with parallels.
If .NET 8 is missing, Automation Studio Code fails during license validation and shows:
If .NET 8 is not installed → Download and install .NET (Linux, macOS, and Windows) | .NET
Second issue: CodeMeter Runtime version
Even with .NET 8 installed, license validation can still fail on ARM systems.
Even latest Automation Studio Version 6.5 still installs CodeMeter Runtime 8.10, but to work you need to update to CodeMeter Runtime >= 8.40 to properly retrieve license information on aarch systems.
→ Manually install CodeMeter Runtime 8.40 or newer from Wibu Systems.
Wibu-Systems
After updating to this version, it worked on my VM.
Bonus tip 
If you’re staying with VS Code for now, check out the BooST Extentsion — really nice productivity add-on for working with B&R projects in VS Code.